Preface. PART 1: VIENNA: 1885-1915. 1. The German Romantic Legacy. 2. Schoenberg to 1909: Extending Traditions. 3. Webern: Opus 1 to Opus 12. 4. Alban Berg Before Wozzeck. PART TWO: PARIS: 1885-1915. 5. Debussy: Impressionism and Symbolism. 6. Maurice Ravel to the Mallarme Songs (1913). 7. Exoticism: Importations from Abroad. 8. Symbolist Reverberations Abroad (I): Decadent Symbolism. 9. Symbolist Reverberations Abroad (II): Synesthetic Symbolism. PART THREE: EMEBLEMS OF CRISIS: 1909-1914. 10. Expressionism: The Path to Pierrot. 11. Primitivism: The Road to the Rite. 12. Futurism: Manifestos and Machines. 13. The New Simplicities: France. 14. The New Simplicities: Germany. 15. Toward Neoclassicism. 16. Zemlinsky''s Lyric Symphony: Against the Tide. 17. Berg: Wozzeck and the Violin Concerto. 18. Weberns Path to the New Music. PART FIVE: EMERGING NATIONAL ASPIRATIONS: 1910-1945. 19. Hungary: Bela Bartok. 20. Russians Abroad and At Home. 21. The Twentieth-Century Spanish and English Renaissance. 22. An "American" Music for America. PART SIX: BEYOND NATIONALISM: 1920-1950. 23. Rituals, Liturgies, and Voices of War. PART SEVEN: POSTWAR SERIALISM AND THE RISE OF AN INTERNATIONAL AVANT-GARDE. 24. Europe: In Search of a Common Practice. 25. The United States of America. 26. Serialism and the European Old Guard. 27. The International Avant-Garde: Choice and Chance. PART EIGHT: THE QUEST FOR NEW SOUNDS. 28. Electronics and Explorations of Duration, Timbre, and Space. 29. The New Virtuosity. PART NINE: PAST IMPERFECT-FUTURE SUBJUNCTIVE. 30. Users of the Past: A Synthesis. 31. Users of the Past: The Generic Revivals. 32. Envoi. Notes. Index.