Fai clic su di un'immagine per andare a Google Ricerca Libri.
Sto caricando le informazioni... Pasteurs Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovationdi Donald E. Stokes
Nessuno Sto caricando le informazioni...
Iscriviti per consentire a LibraryThing di scoprire se ti piacerà questo libro. Attualmente non vi sono conversazioni su questo libro. Stokes, or Dean Don, as we used to him when he was Dean of the Graduate School at The University of Michigan, wants us to use a two dimensional model for looking at scientific project. Vannevar Bush had used a one dimensional model, putting all projects somewhere along the dimension from basic to applied research and funding them accordingly. Stokes argues that this misrepresents much of research. He posits that we should use two dimensions, one being the quest for fundamental understanding, running from Yes to No. The second being consideration of use, again running from yes to no. When one uses both, crosses them, the quadrants jump when you see exemplars such as Bohr, Yes to fundalmental understanding, No to consideration of use, Pasteur (thus the name of the book), Yes to both dimensions, and Edison, No to fundamental understanding and Yes to consideration of use. So far so good. Stokes then reviews research funding from the post war period to the end of the twentieth century. The assumption is we want research to serve the public by improving life in some way. No clear that the problem is the weakness of the metaphors people used. The most glaring omission was lack of any mention of government's role in creating the internet which occurred during this period. ( ) nessuna recensione | aggiungi una recensione
Over fifty years ago, Vannevar Bush released his enormously influential report, Science, the Endless Frontier, which asserted a dichotomy between basic and applied science. This view was at the core of the compact between government and science that led to the golden age of scientific research after World War II--a compact that is currently under severe stress. In this book, Donald Stokes challenges Bush's view and maintains that we can only rebuild the relationship between government and the scientific community when we understand what is wrong with that view. Stokes begins with an analysis of the goals of understanding and use in scientific research. He recasts the widely accepted view of the tension between understanding and use, citing as a model case the fundamental yet use-inspired studies by which Louis Pasteur laid the foundations of microbiology a century ago. Pasteur worked in the era of the "second industrial revolution," when the relationship between basic science and technological change assumed its modern form. Over subsequent decades, technology has been increasingly science-based. But science has been increasingly technology-based--with the choice of problems and the conduct of research often inspired by societal needs. An example is the work of the quantum-effects physicists who are probing the phenomena revealed by the miniaturization of semiconductors from the time of the transistor's discovery after World War II. On this revised, interactive view of science and technology, Stokes builds a convincing case that by recognizing the importance of use-inspired basic research we can frame a new compact between science and government. His conclusions have major implications for both the scientific and policy communities and will be of great interest to those in the broader public who are troubled by the current role of basic science in American democracy. Non sono state trovate descrizioni di biblioteche |
Discussioni correntiNessuno
Google Books — Sto caricando le informazioni... GeneriSistema Decimale Melvil (DDC)338.97306Social sciences Economics Production Economic Development And Growth North America United StatesClassificazione LCVotoMedia:
Sei tu?Diventa un autore di LibraryThing. |