S.T. Joshi has provided an exceptional history of the rise of Lovecraftian literature.
Anyone who is unfamiliar with, or confused by the expansive array of mythos entities, titles, literary props and the overall structure that has become the 'Cthulhu Mythos' should read this book.

Joshi is a harsh critic: he verbally flogs writers who take from Lovecraft and provide (according to him) nothing of their own (Derleth, Lumley); he critiques authors whom he holds in high regard for ways they should do better (Kiernan, Pugmire, Ligotti); he even holds Lovecraft accountable for the stories that failed in their attempt to portray genuine cosmic horror (The Dreams in the Witch House, The Thing on the Doorstep, The Dunwich Horror, etc.).
He does all of this with sound reasoning and a scholarly approach that has lasting value to the life and legacy of HPL. ( )

ST Joshi is one of the foremost Lovecraftian scholars of this generation, author of perhaps the definitive biography and when he explores the phenomenon that HPL's fiction has become, it merits our attention. I must say I usually read Cthulhu mythos fiction and not critical comment, but I thoroughly enjoyed this book, and was so absorbed I set everything else aside to finish it.

Bravo to Mythos Books, a wonderfully enterprising small press which usually publishes trade paperbacks. Only recently have they given us hard covers, including the comprehensive collection of Lovecraftian pastiches by Robert Price (the irony here is just sickening!) and The Rise and Fall of the Cthulhu Mythos by Mr. Joshi. It is a gorgeous hardcover with 308 pages, 281 of which are the text. I noted a few typos, mostly letter/symbol substitution, for example, = for `. List price is $40 but there is a heavy discount to $26.40 on Amazon. Jason C. Eckhardt provided the cover art, a very effective depiction of perhaps the Mountains of Madness; I believe Mr. Eckhardt has done some covers for Call of Cthulhu gaming supplements and some fanzines.

Mr. Joshi starts the book by discussing why an exploration of the HPL phenomenon is worthwhile, how perhaps no other set of fictional creations has been so widely disseminated and used by so many other authors or artists in so many formats and media. He discusses what he thinks are the essential features that Lovecraft developed in his fiction, a Lovecraftian mythos as it were, as a vehicle for conveying his musings on the world. These include a fictional New England topography, a library of forbidden tomes invented by the author(s), a wide array of extraterrestrial inscrutable life forms and a sense of cosmicism (as opposed to a human centric view of the world). Mr. Joshi exhaustively walks us through HPL's development as a writer, and how his stories gradually became permeated by the above essential elements. He also does a very good job, I think, of showing how Lovecraft did not worry overmuch if every single detail or timeline did not dovetail between stories. In other words, these creations/elements/features were not the object of the fiction; they were devices in service of the stories, of the cosmic viewpoint. He then explores how Lovecraft's creations and ideas captivated his contemporaries and how they, in turn, began to use these elements. However, the change to the Cthulhu mythos (from the Lovecraft mythos, per the author), happened because the story elements became the story, ie: the listing of multiple arcane volumes, and the naming of cosmic horrors akin to Cthulhu were de rigueur instead of serving the conveyance of cosmic philosophy. Mr. Joshi patiently guides us through the effect of August Derleth on the history of Lovecraftian fiction and his argument of misconstrual, deliberate or otherwise by Derleth, is very compelling. In fact, much of the Japanese mythos fiction I have read continues to promulgate the Derlethian concept that Cthulhu et al were intrinsically evil and Nodens et al were intrinsically good and allied with humanity, and that occult magic as opposed to science fiction was the order of the day. We then get an overview of some more modern writers who use Lovecraftian elements, with very critical dissections of their work. You know, I am pretty opinionated about mythos fiction, but Mr. Joshi can be downright caustic. Regarding Brain Lumley: "One can only hope that this talentless hack will permanently abandon his unwitting parodies of Lovecraftian themes and conceptions." Geeze, Sunand, tell us what you really think! I guess there won't be any Cthulhumas card from Mr. Lumley this year. Well, for the most part I agree with Mr. Joshi's assessment of the various books he discusses, although he tends to object to any use of Lovecraft's creations in the Cthulhu mythos sense where there is no new exploration of HPL's cosmicism. I, on the other hand, just like a well written yarn in the genre. Therefore I suspect he would have little use for Robert Price's new compilation (Blasphemies and Revelations from Mythos Books) while I like most of it. He had a more charitable opinion of Dagon by Fred Chappell than I did and he mentioned some books that I am unfamiliar with or haven't read yet, and thus piqued my interest.

If you want a much abbreviated discussion of a similar topic, try the introduction to the 3rd edition of The Cthulhu Mythos Encyclopedia by Daniel Harms. If you want a more sympathetic view of Derleth read the introductions to Brain Lumley's Cthulhu mythos collections from Subterranean Press. ST Joshi has impeccable Lovecraftian credentials, his scholarship is superb and his prose is lucid. I already said how much I liked the book. Even if you don't agree with his excoriation of the legion of HPL imitators or some of the stories he reviews, this book is a wonderful addition to your bookshelf. Highly recommended!

Somewhat tangentially I want to mention a disagreement I have with the author. While Mr. Joshi wishes imitators might cease and desist (except as an exercise in honing their craft while finding their own voice, or except those few who can convey something new in the cosmicism of HPL), I say I hope more writers take up the pen/word processor and keep the mythos rolling. The more stories that are written, the more chance that a new star will emerge and we'll have some new gem to read. I'll take a few dogs to gain some good stories! One other thing Mr. Joshi mentioned in passing that fascinated me was that there was considerable Lovecraftian fiction being written in Spanish, French and Italian. Perhaps some enterprising small press will take up translations of some of these works! ( )