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The Foundation Pit (European Classics) di…
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The Foundation Pit (European Classics) (edizione 1994)

di Andrey Platonov (Autore), Mirra Ginsburg (Traduttore), Mirra Ginsburg (Introduzione)

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7761628,426 (3.69)62
Platonov's dystopian novel describes the lives of a group of Soviet workers who believe they are laying the foundations for a radiant future. As they work harder and dig deeper, their optimism turns to violence and it becomes clear that what is being dug is not a foundation pit but an immense grave.
Utente:collapsedbuilding
Titolo:The Foundation Pit (European Classics)
Autori:Andrey Platonov (Autore)
Altri autori:Mirra Ginsburg (Traduttore), Mirra Ginsburg (Introduzione)
Info:Northwestern University Press (1994), 141 pages
Collezioni:La tua biblioteca, In lettura, Lista dei desideri, Da leggere, Preferiti
Voto:
Etichette:to-read

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Lo sterro di Andrey Platonov

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Story: 2.0 / 10
Characters: 4
Setting: 8.5
Prose: 3.5

Tags: Communism, Socialism, peasantry, work, meaning, generations ( )
  MXMLLN | Jan 12, 2024 |
Kettő darab kisregény.
1.) Munkagödör
Voscsev megbocsáthatatlan munkahelyi baklövést követ el – gondolkodni kezd. Aminek következtében a létező szocializmus fájó szívvel, de kénytelen kivetni magából, Voscsev pedig a pikareszk regények szabványai szerint elindul bele a világba, és el is jut a munkagödörig, amit egy mesébe illő szocialista kollektíva ásott ki magának. Ők aztán be is fogadják maguk közé, úgyhogy innentől kezdve Voscsev két dolgot csinál: gödröt ás, illetve a jövőbe tekint. Jó, aztán egy picit kuláktalanít is. (Megj.: érdekes, hogy akik a szebb jövőt építik, gyakran egy jó nagy gödör ásásával kezdik…)
2.) Az ifjúság tengere
Az alapmotívum itt is ugyanaz: van a kollektíva valahol az orosz vidék feneketlen távolságainak egyik végpontján, és van a „messziről érkezett ember”. Utóbbi Vermo mérnök, aki a világvégi hústermelő szovhozban kívánja megváltani a világot, előbbi meg a világvégi hústermelő szovhoz, ami ugye világvégi és megváltatlan. Lesznek ellenfelei és persze szövetségesei, közöttük is a legfontosabb Bosztalojeva, a kommunista élmunkásnők gyöngye, akinek egész alakos posztere bizonnyal ott virít minden szovjet olvasztár öltözőszekrényének ajtaján. Belülről. Munkaruhában. Természetesen. És akkor nekilódulnak felépíteni a jövőt ők is, bolsevik módra. Amiben a legnagyobb akadályt valószínűleg azok jelentik, akik szintén bolsevik módra akarják a jövőt felépíteni, csak sajnos nem egyeztették le a másik féllel, mit is kell érteni „bolsevik” alatt. Ja, meg persze a kulákok. Mert kuláktalanítás az itt is van. (Megj.: ez a szöveg talán kevésbé keserű, mint párdarabja. Bár itt is kellően szarkasztikus a platonovi kritika, de jóval megengedőbbnek tűnik úgy általában a szocialista állam alapeszméjével szemben.)

Nemrégiben olvastam a (talán kamu) Dosztojevszkij-mondást, miszerint „Mindannyian Gogol köpönyegéből bújtunk ki.” Nos, meglehet, de Platonov volt az (szerény véleményem szerint, nyilván), aki, mint Marx Hegelt, a fejéről a talpára állította Gogolt. Ő volt az, aki kiteljesítette annak groteszk vonulatát*, a klasszikus orosz epikus történetmesélés mellett (ami organikusan kapcsolódott a szovjet szocreálhoz – megint csak szerény véleményem szerint, de lehet vitatkozni) létrehozva azt az ívet, ami napjainkban Pelevinbe, Szorokinba vagy épp Akszjonovba (stb.) csatlakozik. Mindezt úgy, hogy meggyőződésem, maga Platonov eredendően egy tőrőlmetszett lírikus, csak épp a szovjet valóság olyan gombócnak bizonyult, amit egyszerűen képtelen volt lenyelni** – ebből a konfliktusból születik a platonovi próza, ami szerkesztésében ugyan eseti szinten zavarosnak és logikátlannak tűnik, de pont ezért képes igazán intenzíven ábrázolni a polgárháború utáni szovjet viszonyokat és a sztálini rendszer kifejlését. Úgy vélem, senki nem képes ilyen finom gúnnyal leképezni a bolsevik „jövőhajszolók” beszéd- és gondolkodásmódját, mint ő, a káoszt, a képlékeny ideák szürreális bakugrásait. Megkapó pontossággal mutat rá itt is a kommunizmus belső programhibáira: az egyén és közösség ambivalens viszonyára, a gondolkodás ártalmas voltára, és arra, hogy a hatalmat megízlelő csőcselék micsoda halálos fegyver mindenféle Nagy Vezérek kezében. Komikus könyv, persze, megannyi beleágyazott abszurd viccel – de az egész mögött ott van a félelem. És a félelmek között a legfélelmetesebb az, hogy Platonov hősei ritkán tépelődnek. Hisznek a jövőben – csillogó szemmel tekintenek a távolba, ahol képzeletükben a határtalan szovjet tudományosság hegymagas kupolái aranylanak. Nincsenek kétségeik. Biztosak benne, hogy jó emberek. Hisz hogy is lehetne rossz ember, aki nem önmaga hasznáért, hanem a jövőért dolgozik? És ezek a jó emberek kuláktalanítanak, feljelentést írnak, kivégzőosztag elé állítanak. Gyilkolnak. Ezek a jó emberek.

* Akad, aki ezt a pálmát talán Bulgakovnak adná. Nehéz ebben a kérdésben igazságot tenni, hisz betiltott íróként az irodalmi iskolákra való hatásuk évtizedes késéssel bontakozhatott csak ki. ( )
  Kuszma | Jul 2, 2022 |
As if I needed anything more depressing during such severe days of repetition and bleakness, I settle with Platonov's The Foundation Pit on my lap. While this month brings a lot of rain and dark clouds, I've gotten accustomed to waking up in very early mornings; the pitter-pattering bouncing against the windows, against rows of steel, against hard stone. Today I stared at the ceiling without much rest, with a tired heart, an empty mind, feeling sick, this philosophical fable brushing along my skull. The lengths people will go through for the idealistic promise of a better society have always been horrifying. In this dry yet evocative novel, the workers tirelessly dig a foundation for a majestic building. As they dig deeper, it becomes clear this is a grave for their overworked, exploited bodies. The religious allusions referred throughout The Foundation Pit greatly juxtaposes the godless utopia the Soviet Union promotes. The text from time to time is evasive, challenging. But the allegory on the early days of the Soviet Union, the disillusionment under the sickle and hammer symbol comes through; the liquidation of certain classes, Total Collectivization, dekulakilization. Several sacrifices along with the implied suffering/violence of its people for nought reveal the brutality at the expense of the progress never fully actualised.

"If we want to destroy religion and are conscious that this has to be done, since communism and religion are incompatible, then, in place of religion we must give the people not less than religion but more than religion. Many of us think that it is possible to take faith away without giving people anything better. The would of contemporary man is organized in such a way that if faith is removed, it will be completely overturned." ( )
  lethalmauve | Jan 25, 2021 |
This review absolutely nails it, so I don't have all that much worth adding, but that's never stopped me in the past. And there's always plenty to say when you've got a book about people digging a hole in the ground.

Writing in the form of an allegory always feels to me like paying for something that costs $1.00 with 100 pennies. It takes serious work for an author to transmit his/her message to an audience, but getting that message through with an allegory is so much extra work that by the time you get to the message, you're so sick of the process of the writer conveying the message that you're tired of the point before it's even made.

The Foundation Pit is largely allegorical, but Andrei Platonov's best writing comes when he's being direct.
The mowed wilderness smelled of grass that had died and the dampness of bared places, making more palpable the general sorrow of life and the vain melancholy of meaninglessness.
That's a heavy sentence, but it's not heavy-handed. There's a difference. It's a direct presentation of a feeling brought on by a smell, and it's far more effective presented this way than if some talking pig on his hind legs had said it.
Chiklin's constantly functioning sense of life was bringing him to sadness, all the more so when he caught sight of a fence beside which he had sat and rejoiced as a child, but now it was bent over and silvered with moss and long-ago nails were sticking out from it, being freed from the wood's cramped tightness by the power of time; it was sad and mysterious that Chiklin should have matured into manhood, forgetfully expended feelings, wandered about distant places and labored in various ways while that old man of a fence had stood there motionless and, remembering him, had waited to see the hour when Chiklin passed by and stroked boards forgotten by everyone with a hand that was no longer used to happiness.
God, that's good, and it's a very unique writing rhythm too. If only the entire book were like this.

The Foundation Pit is best at its most somber. Platonov tries to give the story jolts of humor in the more absurd segments of the book, but those moments largely fell flat for me. It might have clicked for me if there had been a little more humanity in most of the book's characters, but remember, this is an allegory. While the two focal points of the story, Chiklin and Voshchev, occasionally exhibit signs of personhood, for the most part the characters aren't really people. They're representative of different types of people, shallow husks to which only the most dedicated of readers could ever relate.

I obviously have an axe to grind on this subject, but I do think The Foundation Pit is worth reading as long as you get the New York Review Books edition. The afterword by Robert Chandler and Olga Meerson is great, and the citations are all useful. With those tools added on, the book becomes a great source of information on the early years of the Soviet Union under Stalin. Without all the add-ons, though, I don't think this reaches the heights of other subversive Soviet Literature of the time.

That shouldn't be considered a knock. It's a pretty high bar. ( )
  bgramman | May 9, 2020 |
The Foundation Pit is one of the most difficult books I’ve read in recent years, but it’s worth the effort if you enjoy dystopia or innovative language. The book, written in 1929-1930, is an allegory of the era of collectivization: workers digging a pit for a foundation also find themselves digging, in effect, a collective grave. They take part in the collectivization campaign, too, banishing kulaks by sending them away by raft. It's brutal, funny, and sad.

Platonov layers many, many philosophical and political themes into this slim book, often using imaginative language that is difficult to translate. Although I can't say I always enjoyed The Foundation Pit , I'm glad I read it. Some bits are laugh-out-loud absurd, others were, I thought, rather dull. Some of the episodes with politics and their attendant language, for example, felt a little too familiar because I've read a fair bit of socialist realism.

If you're interested in more detail, here's my blog entry about the book:
Lizok's Bookshelf ( )
  LizoksBooks | Dec 15, 2018 |
nessuna recensione | aggiungi una recensione

» Aggiungi altri autori (10 potenziali)

Nome dell'autoreRuoloTipo di autoreOpera?Stato
Platonov, Andreyautore primariotutte le edizioniconfermato
Brodsky, JosephPrefazioneautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Chandler, ElizabethTraduttoreautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Chandler, RobertTranslation & Afterwordautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
郁夫, 亀山Traduttoreautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Ginsburg, MirraTraduttoreautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Leupold, GabrieleTraduttoreautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Lewitscharoff, SibyllePostfazioneautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Meerson, OlgaPostfazioneautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Meerson, OlgaTraduttoreautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Verheul, KeesTraduttoreautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
Whitney, Thomas P.Traduttoreautore secondarioalcune edizioniconfermato
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Platonov's dystopian novel describes the lives of a group of Soviet workers who believe they are laying the foundations for a radiant future. As they work harder and dig deeper, their optimism turns to violence and it becomes clear that what is being dug is not a foundation pit but an immense grave.

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