In this innovative and erudite study, Bederman (Emory) surveys the influence of classical works upon the American Founding generation. A convincing argument for the Founders' use of classical ideas is lucidly advanced. The book offers a more historically accurate and philosophically coherent argument than other recent volumes on the topic. Chapter 1 details the role of classical learning in the education, legal training, and shaping of the worldview of the Founders. Chapter 2 suggests the "models" of political life imparted to the Founders' by their study of classical sources. Chapters 3 and 4 document the Founders' use of ancient history in drafting the American Constitution, with special attention to what Bederman describes as the five central elements of constitutional design—“federalism, bicameralism, a unified executive, an independent judiciary, and foreign relations power.” The author defends the importance of original intent, with limitations, while concluding that the Founders' use of ancient sources was "instrumental and pragmatic." ( )