Organizational and individual accountability is a requirement for law enforcement agencies and officers who, in a democracy, are thought to be responsible to the general public. This book examines two important functions in the control of police organizational and individual behavior, namely the internal audit and the internal affair. The first four chapters examine the basic philosophy of the social contract that police hold with the public, the management audit, and the use of the budget and 5-year plan as instruments of control. The second half of the book discusses areas of individual behavior including police accountability to law, conventional, and morality in a democracy; the problems officers encounter in the field; and the internal affair investigation. A case study of the Republic of China is used to analyze the function of the internal affair in a developing non-Western nation. The final chapter discusses citizens' recourse to the courts as a last resort to control law enforcement behavior.