This religious studies publication introduces religious plurality in selected countries in the Middle East. For each religious community, religious doctrine, religious history and church history are presented in a uniform manner. Volume I addresses the following religious groups: in Iraq Muslims, Christians, Jews, Yazidis, Mandeans, in Jordan Muslims and Christians, in Syria Muslims, Nusayrians (Alawites), Christians, in Lebanon Christians, Druze, Muslims. For a better understanding of the background and connections, the chronologically presented religious stories begin with the emergence of the religious community, although the emphasis in terms of content is on the 20th and 21st centuries. On the one hand, this comprehensive work, which is also understandable for non-specialists, is intended to provide the hitherto missing possibility of gaining an easily accessible overview of the religious communities in the Middle East. On the other hand, it should serve as a starting point and basis for subsequent detailed research.