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Teaching Plato in Palestine: Philosophy in a Divided World

di Carlos Fraenkel

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Teaching Plato in Palestine is part intellectual travelogue, part plea for integrating philosophy into our personal and public life. Philosophical toolkit in tow, Carlos Fraenkel invites readers on a tour around the world as he meets students at Palestinian and Indonesian universities, lapsed Hasidic Jews in New York, teenagers from poor neighborhoods in Brazil, and the descendants of Iroquois warriors in Canada. They turn to Plato and Aristotle, al-Ghaz?l? and Maimonides, Spinoza and Nietzsche for help to tackle big questions: Does God exist? Is piety worth it? Can violence be justified? What is social justice and how can we get there? Who should rule? And how shall we deal with the legacy of colonialism? Fraenkel shows how useful the tools of philosophy can be-particularly in places fraught with conflict-to clarify such questions and explore answers to them. In the course of the discussions, different viewpoints often clash. That's a good thing, Fraenkel argues, as long as we turn our disagreements on moral, religious, and philosophical issues into what he calls a "culture of debate." Conceived as a joint search for the truth, a culture of debate gives us a chance to examine the beliefs and values we were brought up with and often take for granted. It won't lead to easy answers, Fraenkel admits, but debate, if philosophically nuanced, is more attractive than either forcing our views on others or becoming mired in multicultural complacency-and behaving as if differences didn't matter at all.… (altro)
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Philosophie wird uns hier als Diskurs empfohlen, um unterschiedlichen Einstellungen anderer Kulturen als der eigenen zuhören und irgendwie etwas Gewinnbringendes für alle extrahieren zu wollen.

Carlos Fraenkl kennt unterschiedlichste Kulturen und versucht, diese auf ihre Basisüberzeugungen zurückzuführen, mit der Hoffnung, dass alle sich mit allen austauschen und verstehen können. Vielleicht muss sich Philosophie erst auf diese grundlegenden Dinge konzentrieren und herausarbeiten, dass kindliche und kulturelle Indoktrinationen lebenslang prägend sind. Würde einem das aber nicht auch der gesunde Menschenverstand sagen?

Leben heißt vergleichen und destillieren, wie Überzeugungen, Regeln und Gesetze unterschiedlichster Kulturen zusammengebracht werden könnten. Und zwar genau dann, wenn sich diese Kulturen hart im Raum des Nachbarn im nächsten Haus der einer Wohnung begegnen.

CF verbleibt im Vorfeld und kommt irgendwann zu der Erkenntnis, dass ein Philosoph aus dem Orient zu dem Schluss kam, dass er nur deshalb seiner Religion anhing, weil sie ihm von klein auf suggeriert wurde. Gleich darauf trat er aus dieser dritten monotheistischen Religion aus.

Nun, die meisten Christen im Abendland sind irgendwie aus dem Christentum ausgetreten, um aber irgendwann - vergleichend - zu erkennen, dass die Aussagen Jesu gar nichts so schlecht sind wie sie die Amtskirchen über Jahrhunderte zelebriert und dargeboten haben.

Genau das ist Aufgabe von Philosophie: vergleichend herausarbeiten, welche Gedanken und Tatkonstrukte in Ideologien/Religionen/Utopien beinhalten und wie sie heute ausgelebt werden. Kein einziges Wort in diesem Buch dazu, stattdessen liebedienerische Leeraussagen von Zuhören und Verständnis.

CF hält nichts von einem Multikulturalismus, der nebeneinander her lebt, er möchte auch unterschiedlichste Ansichten zu einem Gespräch bringen, über alle kulturellen Grenzen und Sichtweisen hinweg. Noch scheint er das nur im Gespräch, dem höflichen und theoretischen, versucht zu haben, nicht aber bei Nachbarn, die in völliger Ablehnung der jeweils anderen Kultur unmittelbar an einem Ort zusammenleben und keinesfalls bereit sind, die anderen Werte Ernst oder anzunehmen. ( )
  Clu98 | Feb 25, 2023 |
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For Lara and Ben and in memory of Joaquim Câmara Ferreira.
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In 2000, I was working on Arabic and Hebrew philosophical texts for my doctoral thesis and decided to spend a few months in Cairo to brush up on my Arabic.
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Teaching Plato in Palestine is part intellectual travelogue, part plea for integrating philosophy into our personal and public life. Philosophical toolkit in tow, Carlos Fraenkel invites readers on a tour around the world as he meets students at Palestinian and Indonesian universities, lapsed Hasidic Jews in New York, teenagers from poor neighborhoods in Brazil, and the descendants of Iroquois warriors in Canada. They turn to Plato and Aristotle, al-Ghaz?l? and Maimonides, Spinoza and Nietzsche for help to tackle big questions: Does God exist? Is piety worth it? Can violence be justified? What is social justice and how can we get there? Who should rule? And how shall we deal with the legacy of colonialism? Fraenkel shows how useful the tools of philosophy can be-particularly in places fraught with conflict-to clarify such questions and explore answers to them. In the course of the discussions, different viewpoints often clash. That's a good thing, Fraenkel argues, as long as we turn our disagreements on moral, religious, and philosophical issues into what he calls a "culture of debate." Conceived as a joint search for the truth, a culture of debate gives us a chance to examine the beliefs and values we were brought up with and often take for granted. It won't lead to easy answers, Fraenkel admits, but debate, if philosophically nuanced, is more attractive than either forcing our views on others or becoming mired in multicultural complacency-and behaving as if differences didn't matter at all.

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