The innovation systems (IS) approach emerged as a theoretical framework in the industrialized world in the mid-1990s to explain innovation and growth in the developed world. This Handbookis the first attempt to adapt the IS approach to developing countries from a theoretical and empirical viewpoint. The Handbookbrings eminent scholars in economics, innovation and development studies together with promising young researchers to review the literature and push theoretical boundaries. They critically review the IS approach and its adequacy for developing countries, discuss the relationship between IS and development, and address the question of how it should be adapted to the realities of developing nations. Spanning national, sectoral and regional innovation systems across Asia, Latin America and Africa, and written by the world's leading scholars within the field, this comprehensive Handbookwill strongly appeal to academics, researchers and students with an interest in innovation and technology in developing countries.