International relations in Europe are under transition. What will be the outcome? Enhanced integration, new fragmentation, a centre-periphery structure, or multiple overlapping regionalization? A stable renaissance or a soon fade out of the nation-state? Will conflict or cooperation prevail? In this book 22 scholars from all Baltic Sea littoral states, Norway and the United States track these questions by focussing them to the Baltic Sea Region. In the past it was structured by the characteristics of the "old" Europe in terms of security arrangements (WTO, NATO, Neutrals), economic ties (COMECON, EC, EFTA), and sociopolitical system (capitalism, socialism), while today it is faced with all the obstacles and contradictions as well as possibilities of an emerging new European architecture, still undefined, but in any case asking for reorientation in the fields of security, economy, and last not least identity. The book puts special emphasis to security aspects and disarmament (including conversion) and to Regionalism as being both, a consequence of the change in progress as well as a strategy to shape it to a desired end: cooperation instead of conflict.